Depth of Discharge (DoD) refers to which of the following?

• A. DoD refers to the percentage of capacity used.
• B. The battery's temperature range during discharge.
• C. The cost per cycle of discharge.
• D. The maximum discharge current.

Answer: (A)

Depth of discharge is the percentage of a battery’s stored energy that has been used. It asks how much of the battery’s capacity has been drawn down. For example, if a battery with 100 Ah capacity has 60 Ah drawn, the depth of discharge is 60%. DoD is the complement of the state of charge—the remaining energy in the battery is described by SoC, not DoD.

This concept matters because deeper discharges generally shorten a battery’s cycle life, so engineers balance acceptable energy withdrawal with desired longevity. The other options refer to different things: temperature range relates to operating conditions during discharge, cost per cycle is an economic measure, and maximum discharge current is about how fast you can pull current, not how much of the capacity has been used.